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🏞️ LAND RECORDS — FREE GUIDE

Land Records (Bhulekh) — Khasra, Khatauni & Mutation Guide

Check land ownership records, khasra maps, encumbrance certificates, apply for mutation after property purchase — all state-wise portals in one place.

⚠️ Important: Always verify land records before any property purchase. Check encumbrance certificate (EC) for mortgages, verify ownership in latest Khatauni, and confirm no court disputes (ask for certified copy from tehsil).

Land Record Services

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Check Khatauni / Record of Rights (ROR)

Khatauni shows who owns a plot of land, area, and legal status. Essential before buying property.

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View Khasra / Plot Map

Khasra map shows the physical location and boundaries of a land parcel.

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Check Encumbrance Certificate (EC)

EC confirms if a property is free from loans, mortgages, or legal disputes. Essential for property purchase.

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Mutation (Dakhil Kharij) — Transfer Ownership

Update land records after purchase, inheritance, or gift deed to reflect new owner's name.

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Convert Agricultural Land to Non-Agricultural (NA)

Required before building on agricultural land. Without NA status, construction is illegal.

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State-wise Land Record Portals (Bhulekh)

🌐 National Land Records Portal (DILRMP)

The Digital India Land Records Modernisation Programme (DILRMP) is the central portal linking all state land records. It also has the National Generic Document Registration System (NGDRS) for property registration across states.

Visit DILRMP Portal →

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is the difference between Khasra and Khatauni?

A: Khasra is a plot-level record — it lists each plot of land with its survey number, area, owner, and crop details. Khatauni (Record of Rights) is an owner-level record — it lists all plots owned by a particular person/family, along with their rights, tenancy details, and liabilities.

Q: Is a downloaded Bhulekh ROR certificate valid for property transactions?

A: Digitally signed ROR downloads are legally valid. However, for property registration, banks, and courts, you typically need a certified copy from the Tehsil/Revenue office (sometimes called an 'attested copy'). Always check what the requiring authority accepts.

Q: My land records show wrong ownership — what to do?

A: File a mutation correction application at the tehsil office with evidence (old deeds, family settlement, court order). If the error is due to fraud, file a complaint with the District Collector and consider filing an FIR. For disputed ownership, a civil suit is the formal legal remedy.

Q: How do I check if a property has a loan/mortgage against it?

A: Get an Encumbrance Certificate (EC) from your state's registration department for the past 15–30 years. EC lists all registered transactions including mortgages, sale deeds, and court attachments. EC can be checked online in most states.

Q: What is the difference between Patta and ROR?

A: Patta is a document issued by the government recognising your right/ownership over a specific piece of land. ROR (Record of Rights) is the official land register maintained by the revenue department showing ownership, cultivation, and encumbrance details. Patta is more common in Tamil Nadu; Khatauni is the equivalent term in UP/Bihar/Rajasthan.

📞 Helplines & Support

DILRMP National Helpline: Contact through dilrmp.gov.in
For state-specific issues: Contact your local Tehsildar / Patwari / Sub-Registrar office
For property registration queries: Contact your state's Registration & Stamps Department
For RTI on land records: File RTI with the District Collectorate / Revenue Department